Представлены результаты экспериментов по влиянию энергии удара на интенсивность ударно-абразивного изнашивания модельного инструмента из трех марок инструментальных сталей вида конической пики при ударном взаимодействии с фрагментом гранита. Часть инструмента подвергалась типовой термической обработке, практикуемой на заводах-изготовителях пик, другая — дополнительной обработке холодом или криогенной обработке. Для обоснования возможности переноса экспериментальных данных на натурные условия устанавливались рабочие параметры эксперимента, при соблюдении которых его условия будут подобны условиям работы пики гидромолота. Для выполнения указанного подобия уровень контактных напряжений между модельным инструментом и породой в экспериментах был таким же, как и при ударном внедрении пики. Установлена зависимость между интенсивностью ударно-абразивного изнашивания и энергией удара модельного инструмента, на основании которой рассчитаны интенсивности изнашивания пики гидромолота JCB HM380 при разрушении гранитных фрагментов. Оценивалась наработка пики, за которую принималось количество нанесенных ей ударов до полного изнашивания острия. Из сравнения наработки пик, изготовленных из анализируемых сталей и подвергнутых указанным видам термической обработки, сделан вывод о целесообразности внедрения операций обработки холодом и криогенной обработки в технологический процесс изготовления пик гидромолотов.

Given the critically important role of haul trucks in the overall mineral extraction process chain, the suspension system — the component with the highest failure frequency — was selected as the research object. The authors propose a method for quantitatively assessing a group of parameters of a technological transportation route due to challenging mining operating conditions. Using data from two mining enterprises over a three-year period, dependence was established between the reduction in the service life of dump truck suspensions and each of the identified factors in the route parameter groups. The assessment was carried out using data from remote monitoring systems installed on the vehicles. Based on the derived dependence, a criterion for optimizing the overhaul interval of haul truck suspensions was developed, incorporating a set of planning and economic factors. This criterion allows decisions to be made on the advisability of implementing measures aimed at achieving a target reliability level for the suspension system within the framework of the maintenance strategy adopted by mining enterprises, which combines scheduled and emergency repairs of machine components and assemblies. Using the proposed criterion, an optimal ratio between grading equipment and haulage equipment was determined when forming the vehicle fleet. Furthermore, an algorithm for determining a rational overhaul interval for haul truck suspensions was developed based on this criterion. Implementation of the algorithm at the mining enterprises under study has significantly reduced both the duration of unplanned downtime caused by suspension failures and the time required for repair activities.

Today, the issues related to solving the problem of finding an effective distribution of oil flows through the system of oil pipelines in order to reduce the total energy consumption are relevant. The solution to this problem is connected with selection of rational pumping modes for various technological sections of oil pipelines using modern methods of mathematical programming or new techniques for improving the energy and transport characteristics of oil. Reducing energy consumption during pumping of crude through oil trunk pipelines can be achieved by various methods. Numerous investigations in this direction are mainly carried out to save energy on separate single-line pipelines. However, due to the development of the network of trunk oil pipelines in the world over the past decades, the issues of energy efficient management of oil flows throughout the entire oil pipeline system of oil and gas enterprises become urgent. This paper analyses parameters for pipeline transport of high-viscosity and heavy oils. The article proposes a method for assessing the rheological properties of oil for further planning of pumping taking into account the preservation of oil quality and an increase in energy and transport characteristics. The proposed solutions and tasks for predicting changes in the viscosity-temperature characteristics of the flow for blends of different oil types are especially relevant in the current conditions of an increase in the share of oil production with complex rheological characteristics. Results of the presented investigations may be used for planning the measures of efficient transportation of high-viscosity and heavy oils.