Currently, the determination of the emission rate of suspended solids from a unit of the surface area of a man-made mass at various parameters of the wind flow is not sufficiently described. The analysis of the world experience of researchers shows that existing laboratory installations have various design features that do not allow to correctly determine the mass of the dust being flapped and wind-blown. Based on the analysis results, the concept of an innovative laboratory installation for the study of dust-forming surfaces has been developed. It takes into account the influence of wind shadows, the deturbulization of an artificially created air flow, the possibility of regulating not only the flow velocity mode, but also the creation of a vacuum or disturbance in the area of sample placement, as well as the formation of a certain angle of wind flow attack relative to the surface. The concept provides for the possibility of determining the volume of dust emissions by the values of the lost dust masses in the sample and by the values of dust concentrations in the outgoing stream. The calculation of the main basic elements of the installation using the ANSYS FLUENT software package was carried out. The model and configuration of the wind tunnel have been developed and calculated, the main geometric parameters and functional elements for the possibility of use in scientific work have been determined. For practical use of the empirical roughness value of the underlying surface, its values are recommended in a wide range – from zero for the water surface to 0.44 for large cities with tall buildings and skyscrapers.

Электромеханическое оборудование (ЭМО) минерально-сырьевого комплекса наиболее подвержено износу из-за условий эксплуатации. Более раннее обнаружение дефектов оборудования лежит в основе определения фактического технического состояния ЭМО и повышения его энергетической эффективности. Представлены результаты исследования сигналов тока статора асинхронного двигателя для раннего обнаружения развивающихся дефектов на примере подшипников. Предложен подход, основанный на сингулярном разложении обобщенного тока и восстановлении временных рядов. Проведенные экспериментальные исследования с имитацией повреждения подшипника позволили установить связь изменения компонент временных рядов с наличием разного уровня дефектов подшипника, что дает возможность идентифицировать появление неисправности на более ранних стадиях. Подобная структура представления данных позволяет формировать компонентные диагностические карты, которые впоследствии при периодической оценке возможно использовать для выявления изменений в работе электромеханического оборудования. На основе предложенных подходов рассмотрены математический аппарат и индикаторы, позволяющие оценивать уровень вклада изменения технического состояния в потери электроэнергии для различных этапов эксплуатации. Оценка энергетических потерь на ранних стадиях дефектах дает перспективу к повышению энергоэффективности и безаварийности электромеханического оборудования минерально-сырьевого комплекса за счет последующего упреждающего управления.

Given the critically important role of haul trucks in the overall mineral extraction process chain, the suspension system — the component with the highest failure frequency — was selected as the research object. The authors propose a method for quantitatively assessing a group of parameters of a technological transportation route due to challenging mining operating conditions. Using data from two mining enterprises over a three-year period, dependence was established between the reduction in the service life of dump truck suspensions and each of the identified factors in the route parameter groups. The assessment was carried out using data from remote monitoring systems installed on the vehicles. Based on the derived dependence, a criterion for optimizing the overhaul interval of haul truck suspensions was developed, incorporating a set of planning and economic factors. This criterion allows decisions to be made on the advisability of implementing measures aimed at achieving a target reliability level for the suspension system within the framework of the maintenance strategy adopted by mining enterprises, which combines scheduled and emergency repairs of machine components and assemblies. Using the proposed criterion, an optimal ratio between grading equipment and haulage equipment was determined when forming the vehicle fleet. Furthermore, an algorithm for determining a rational overhaul interval for haul truck suspensions was developed based on this criterion. Implementation of the algorithm at the mining enterprises under study has significantly reduced both the duration of unplanned downtime caused by suspension failures and the time required for repair activities.